What Does College Admission Essay Samples Ideas Mean?

What Does College Admission Essay Samples Ideas Mean? The Demise of College Admission Essay Samples Ideas If you're in the center of your essay writing procedure, you will want to see our suggestions on what essay pitfalls to prevent. Many students take lots of time contemplating on the ideal topic they'd pick for their essay writing. Please understand you should allow her to express her thoughts and opinions freely. Possessing good essay examples provides the reader an in-depth and on-the-court idea about what a well structured and coherent essay appears like. There are scores and scores of possible topics which you can be requested to compose an essay on. Therefore don't feel you will need to prevent controversy. As a consequence, you prefer doing your essays all on your own. Stephen's essay is quite effective. Richard's essay wouldn't be appropriate in all situations. Writing your essay will be a lot simpler if you find out the entirety of it first and just then return and work out just the way that it should start. For instance, you can acquire high school essay samples totally free online to provide you with certain skills you want to compose your essay competently. Besides having an exceptional SAT score, you would have to produce the ideal college essay. When you have written your college application essay, your occupation isn't done you must keep working on it to improve it until it's possible to improve it no further. The sample high school admission essays we've got on our page can be useful to you or your buddies. The use of the admissions essay is to convey an awareness of your distinctive character to the admissions committee. Explain why you wish to attend that specific institution. The college application essay is intended to offer you an opportunity to speak right to the admissions committee, to tell them who you are and why you wish to go to their school. The essay, for some applicants, can be among the most stressful areas of the application approach. Professor Mitchell obtained a grant to have a category of students to Belgium so as to study the EU. You'll observe a similar structure in several of the essays. In marginal situations, the essays are utilized to choose whether an applicant is going to be selected. Despite exceptional grades, a poorly written essay provides you with a poor name. Keep in mind, the point of the essays is to demonstrate the admissions officers something they can't garner from the remainder of your application. An essay synthesizes so many things tha t your child has learned over recent years. Your own personal essay is supposed to provide college admissions teams a snapshot of who you are as a man and who you aspire to become but you don't need to spill your guts or transcribe your entire life story. Therefore, it's important to make certain your high school entrance essay is well organized. Getting admission into your treasured high school may be the desire of your heart. When you're in high school, it's definite that you're expected to do a few write-ups and projects which require pen and paper. For instance, you might decide to write about your experience on the center school math team. In the 21st century, college interviews are lost on the best way to the VCR, in other words, they are usually employed. New Step by Step Roadmap for College Admission Essay Samples Ideas You also ought to make sure your essay is coherent your ideas flow and your arguments make sense. It's very useful to take writing apart so as to see just the way that it accomplishes its objectives. One of my favourite things about writing is that there isn't any correct or wrong answer. To assist you get off to a great start, we've put together the following advice and hints. College Admission Essay Samples Ideas Features Comment 7-News senstionanlization has produced negative effect on th e folks. After discovering our website, you will no longer will need to bother friends and family with these kinds of requests. If you would like to ease your tension of trying to find hours and hours for easy essays topic selection then you've reached at the appropriate place.

Social Class As A Society Based On Social And Economic Status

This essay will explore the notion of social class and whether it is still relevant within today’s society. The Oxford Dictionary defines social class as ‘a division of a society based on social and economic status’ and is measurable in terms of stratification and inequality. Stratification suggests people are ranked hierarchically according to their attributes such as income, wealth, power, age, gender and status, whereas, inequality explains the difference between people in terms of their abilities and rewards The Functionalist, Libertarian and Egalitarian models all attempt to explain stratification. The Functionalist model argues that social inequality is necessary in modern society, as long as recruitment is based on merit, with†¦show more content†¦Theoretical concepts on class include the ideas of Marx, Weber and Bourdieu. For Marx, â€Å"wage labourers, capitalist and landlords, form three great classes of modern society.† (Marsh, 2013, p158) Marx saw class as a way of understanding how society and history interact. A person’s class can affect them in ways they are not conscious of. It operates as a social force that influences, opportunities and governs relationships. Marx used this to explain the opposed interests between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The bourgeoisie own the means of production, meaning they can protect what they have, whilst the proletariat sell their labour for little value, exercising much less power. (Marsh, 2013) Hughes (1984) stated that, ‘Weber regarded power as the primary relationship between unequal groups in society’. Power can be divided into three spheres of activity – class, status and party. (Marsh, 2013, p160) Class situation is determined by the shared life chances that people enjoy as a result of the value of their skills and possessions in the market place. Status defines how a community judges someone’s social status according to cultural standards such as education, occupation, speech and dress. Party is when people organise themselves into political parties that represent their economic interests. (Marsh, 2013) Bourdieu suggests that our place in the hierarchy is influenced by a range of resources at

Second Language Research Methodology and Design

Question: Discuss about the Second Language Research for Methodology and Design. Answer: Introduction There is rapid growth in E-marketing services .It is used by large number of population for buying good. The advantage of e-marketing is that the costumer can take out the action from his home, office or anywhere. Consumer can purchase anything and E-marketing organizations are able to drop the goods at consumer door step by using internet. Every thing has both positive and negative parts. It has too dark side. The main dark side of credit cards is privacy and security on using time. Through online activity there is risk that the person using credit card is actual holder or not. So there should be risk through online. The main focus of this research would be alertness of the customer towards the usage of e-marketing while using the credit card. Some additional steps which would take to deter the user to prevent credit card frauds. Literature review E-commerce indicates to the transmission of funds through electronic system. The main aim of transfer of funds can be for trading of products. With the usage of electronic networks E- commerce was originated in the 70s. The first profitable usage of e-Commerce was the transmission of funds without cash with the help of telecommunications network. Now a days use of ATMs is an example of E-commerce. This use of electronic medium between banks leading to the use in regular business documents. Through the rise of internet all these go on. As the internet widen so did the alteration in the use of funds for purposes other than banking business. All this rise e-Marketing, in which exchange in products, goods or services to take place (Grant et al., 2014). APCA (The Australian Payment Clearing Association) is the payment clearings regulatory body of Australia. From 2006 it regularly discloses the data on different frauds conducted when using cheques and cards. The APCA collects the data from different associations which are related to finance and circulate everywhere. There were an estimated 38 million debit card accounts and 15.5 million credit card accounts on issue in Australia as of December 2013 . There are different types of frauds that are happen on cards which are Stolen cards, Counterfeiting and fraud transactions that are done by fraudulent user for example they do online shopping. Sofo Sofo (2013).studied that there is disaster change in the global banking system by using mobile technology. According to Gupta the internet technology has greatly affected on people while purchasing the products. According to him the mobile sector will help banks them to cut down the cost of financial transactions. Zone Packet (2015) studied the expansion of crime being, done in Australia. According to them the challenge to prevent credit card is to reduce the risks of such frauds so that the loss can be reduced. According to them, the level of credit card fraud being increased the crime rate. There is a huge gap to understand how credit card crime rate is taking place. They suggest methods to constrict the destiny, by limited use of cards to the internet, having different PIN for different cards (Wojciechowska-Filipek Ciekanowski, 2017). A study was conducted in Victoria, Australia amongst the costumers, retailers and stakeholders. The study found that there is a lack of understanding. They felt that there should be need for proper publication of information regarding credit card frauds. The government and law enforcement should be more attentive with the information to what they are doing to prevent these crimes. There was essential to look after the e-retailers activities. The surveyors felt that consumer associations should arrange a platform for grievance redressal, to educate and monitor retailers, consumers and stakeholders (Sharma Lijuan, 2014). A study conducted In Australia, in 2007 amongst undergraduate students of Melbourne, to know the risk of credit card use and it possess in the E-market. The study wanted to expand the alertness and thus the knowledge level of the students towards credit card use and fraud. It also found that how the students dealt with such online frauds based on survey. The highest rate of fraud that the student faced was due to spam (El Namaki, 2014). A study found that for the acceptance of the e-Commerce business there should be organizational e-Readiness, vitality of the brand of the product, merits of using the e-Commerce institution, the purchasing power of the consumer. Some of the demerits of not using e-Commerce if the lack of feasibility of product trial, dislike to use credit card, presence of bad quality websites and lack of trust due to security and privacy conditions (Fowler, 2015). In Australia a study conducted in 2013 found that Cash was one of favorite modes of payment. Elderly people mostly prefer cash as a mode of payment. In last three years it shows that there has been increased in use of card as compare to that of cash. In 2013 mostly people preferred card rather than cash (Feng Qin, 2016). A study was organized in Australia depicts that there is a relationship between credit card frauds and online marketing. The study was able to show that with expansion in the level of awareness of the credit card user there is a reduction in the fraud (Prieger Heil, 2016). Research aim The aim of the research is to propose a comprehensive outline of the hazards involved in e-Marketing using Credit Card. The research question for this assignment is as follows: How to safely shop online while using your credit card Are you know about the risk while using of credit cards for e-commerce What steps do you follow to avoid the risks while using credit card The objective of the research is as follows: Knowledge regarding the alertness of the e-commerce customer towards its general risks Identifying how customer deal with the e-commerce facts Awareness in the user regarding e-commerce extortion by using credit card. Research methodology To be able to find the main aim of the research both a qualitative and quantitative techniques will be used. The qualitative analysis typically requires a small size of the sample. The basic concept of qualitative research is that mostly it depends upon the knowledge and examines the interviewer. This quantitative research will be used to evaluate the sampling (Zikmund 2013). The researcher will use the philosophy of positivism, deductive research approach and descriptive research design in order to progress ahead with the research. This is because the philosophy will help the researcher to arrive at the outcome of the study based on scientifically proven tools and techniques. The researcher will not choose the inductive research approach, as no new theory or model after reaching the inference of the research. Therefore, deductive approach will be deemed fit for the study. The descriptive research design will be chosen in this study, as this specific design will help the researcher to identify the reasons and issues behind the research. Data Collection and Analysis The essential data will be collected in the form of a survey questionnaire. The spotlight of the survey would be to anticipate how usually consumers use e-Commerce to buy goods through online. The survey would also reflect the numbers of goods that consumers mostly purchase through online (Mackey Gass, 2015). This would help us to give knowledge about the different methods of payment that customer preferred for online purchasing of goods (Flick, 2015). Thus we will be able to learn whether the buyer is familiar of the risks involved by using of credit cards. The above would be used to identify the different cautions being taken by the user to deter such risky factors. Analysis tools will be used for analysis and exploratory data. This will be used to making assumption about the distribution of the data (Panneerselvam, 2014). Non-parametric studies will be used to verify sum of the ranks and comparison between two. Proposed timeframe of the research The latest study is based on using credit cards by the user in e-marketing will illustrate the alertness regarding the use of credit card. It will also emphasize his awareness towards the risky factors that are involved in the use of credit cards. Thus it will give and insight into the preventive steps taken by the consumer towards the risks. Conclusion The main advantage of e-marketing is that the consumer can place an order of any items from anywhere he wants to purchase goods by clicking of the mouse while sitting in home, office.. E-marketing system is providing door to door steps facilities items. The success of the e-marketing sector has been achievable through internet system. But this growth in the e-marketing is not without its negative points. The shareholders in the e-commerce industry are familiar with such frauds and are performing good job to save the interest of the costumer and user is also to be aware of the risky factors of e-marketing with credit cards and thus should take preventive steps to protect him. References: El Namaki, M. S. S. (2014).Strategic thinking for turbulent times. Springer. Feng, X., Qin, J. (2016). Online P2P Lending: Factors, Behaviors, and Mechanisms. InEncyclopedia of E-Commerce Development, Implementation, and Management(pp. 1693-1705). IGI Global. Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Fowler, B. (2015).Construction EMarketing. Lulu. com. Grant, K., Edgar, D., Sukumar, A., Meyer, M. (2014). Risky business: Perceptions of e-business risk by UK small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs).International Journal of Information Management,34(2), 99-122. Mackey, A., Gass, S. M. (2015).Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Panneerselvam, R. (2014).Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Prieger, J. E., Heil, D. (2016). Microeconomic Aspects of E-Commerce. InEncyclopedia of E-Commerce Development, Implementation, and Management(pp. 2315-2331). IGI Global. Sharma, G., Lijuan, W. (2014). Ethical perspectives on e-commerce: an empirical investigation.Internet Research,24(4), 414-435. Sofo, M., Sofo, F. (2013). E-marketing as an antecedent to online fraud. InE-Marketing in Developed and Developing Countries: Emerging Practices(pp. 194-213). IGI Global. Wojciechowska-Filipek, S., Ciekanowski, Z. (2017). Identification of Risks Related to the Operations in the Internet. InRisk Management in Public Administration(pp. 227-256). Springer International Publishing. Zone, E., Packet, A. (2015). Industrial.Urbana,51, 61801.

Why Do I Admire Steve Jobs

When deliberating on such outstanding and remarkable personality as Steve Jobs, the first thing that can be mentioned about him is that he was the most fascinating communicator and speaker on the world stage. Following his heart and intuition, the co-founder of Apple is the most remembered for his speeches and presentations where the projects he presented were more based on the paramount customer needs and concerns.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do I Admire Steve Jobs? – Essay Example on Personality and Qualities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More His ideas and life philosophy are both simple and powerful, his vision of technological development and marketing are unique, creative, and genius. What made him so incredible and second to none? Probably, his ability to create an interesting story taken from his life, deliver the experience he had, and convert into the ideological conception were among the p rimary techniques applied by the talented orator. Thinking beyond stereotypes, choosing radical and extraordinary decisions, and understanding what people really wanted were among the main secrets of Jobs’s personality. His commitment to one purpose, single-mindedness, and ability to follow his heart beyond the established stereotypes are the main qualities I most admire about Steve Jobs. Steve Jobs was very well aware of the marketing strategies and approaches that helped him capture the audience and keep them listening to his speech. His presentations were always mesmerizing because the speaker gave the audience a reason to listen the story up to the end. Each phase following of a presentation disclose an important issue or problem that can be solved once the audience heard the entire presentation. When I was listening to his Apple IPod Presentation, I noticed that his speech is not just a mere disposition of technical characteristics (Steve Jobs Presentation – The F irst iPod Introduction). Steve Jobs did not pay much attention to this routine because he realized there is nothing interesting about this if it did not have any practical benefits for customers. As such, Apple genius presented the product within a story. While revealing the traits and technical description of the product, Jobs made use of metaphors that seemed to be more relevant to fiction stories, but not to a mere presentation of a technological gadget. Perhaps, this was the major peculiarity of his terrific presentations. Aside from deep knowledge on what customers want and need, Steve Jobs was a great manager who knows all about the product he represented. More importantly, he truly believed in any product he introduced on the stage. I agree with Gillam who writes, â€Å"Jobs is always filled with enthusiasm at least in public, for each new product he develops† (10).Advertising Looking for essay on rhetoric? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 1 5% OFF Learn More After, one should recognize that he was, indeed, a charismatic leader and manager whose speech made the audience wait in anticipation to learn what would come next. Because Jobs was a perfectionist, his ideas and inventions always came to the forth and no other managers and producers can compete with his incredible love for what he was doing. His demanding and even aggressive personality, temperamental style of conveying ideas, as well as advertising Apple products, was always fascinating due to the great enthusiasm and full commitment to his work. In addition, his management skills were largely due to his sense of intuition that had a significant influence of masses of people. Admiring the job he did was the main condition under which he cooperated with his partners. The work would be senseless if it was not admired. In-depth understanding of the marketing techniques, as well as effective presentation of the Apple products, is not the only issue that is p eculiar about this personality. This can be understood while listening to his 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech. The three stories he presented are really captivating because they reveal the genuine purpose of our lives, as well as actual secrets of his successful career. Indeed, the stories capture the entire life of the inventor, as well as how he achieved such tremendous results in his live. While listening to his speech for several times, I have assumed several conclusions. First of all, people should make mistakes and call for risks if they really want to achieve something. They should not be afraid of make choices and depend on other people’s decisions. Second, it is necessary to be always in the search for what you really love, should be your professional career, or personal life, or cooking a dinner. Finally, each step in life should be well thought and meaningful. If it does not make sense to you, it will not make sense to anyone. Certainly, technological knowledge a nd competence in program development are crucial for promoting computer industry. However, Jobs has surpassed these conventions and introduced new techniques to managing products. When reuniting with Apple, Jobs stated, â€Å"Lots of companies have tons of great engineers and smart people. But ultimately, there needs to be some gravitational force that pulls it all together† (cited in Gillam 67). In this respect, Jobs was exactly the gravitational force that kept the Apple company afloat. He was among the pioneers in the advertising who managed to introduce both affordable and popular computers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do I Admire Steve Jobs? – Essay Example on Personality and Qualities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Regarding his marketing philosophy, it should be stressed that the phenomenon of Job Steve lies in his ability to combine technological worlds with the actual and down-to -earth needs of customers. Perhaps, this conception was the most successful in capturing the greatest marketing segment and making Apple technologies the best selling. Understanding Jobs’s attitude to work can also be revealed through his relations with Bill Gates, his most furious competitor. Despite the rigorous competition, these two were friends and partners. However, their rivalry was healthy and reasonable because both did not fight against each other as personalities, but as two professionals putting forward their technological ideas (Steve Jobs Stanford Commencement Speech 2005). Hence, Steve Jobs attained much importance to the design of the products whereas Gates was more concerned with product functions and reliability. Trends in design and style were the prerogative of Jobs who believed that Gates’ was inferior when it comes to the matters of tastes. At the same time, Gates believed that Jobs’ accent on design was due to his incompetence in program d evelopment. Looking at different angles was the main reason for competition and, therefore, their relationships were quite sophisticated. Regarding the established tandem, Jobs was pioneer in creative design. He believed that this was among the priorities of technological development, as well as the major condition of product distribution at the market. Specifically, he believed that product development dealt with culture development and customer satisfaction. In other words, to meet the customer needs and understand the marketing word, it was imperative to think in a broader context and deliver technological ideas in collaboration with creative design. The rivalry between Jobs and Gates was not based on personal disagreements, but on the desire to promote the product and demonstrate how that can be useful and attractive for consumers. At this point, Jobs had always been persuasive because of his original and enthusiastic ideas and, as a result, the Apple designer and inventor had a great impact on the industry development. The second revival of Apple is a proof of Jobs’s ideology on the importance of creativity and freshness of ideas. Indeed, people are more motivated by the original and up-to-date ideas that can be useful in their lives. Jobs understood that and based his concepts on people’s needs and priorities. In conclusion, it should be stated that Steve Jobs was a fascinating narrator, an ideological leader, and outstanding managers. His creative ideas served as a gravitational force for the Apple company because his marketing philosophy brought the second life to the company.Advertising Looking for essay on rhetoric? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While analyzing Jobs’s outlooks life, brilliant management style, and vision of computer industry development, everything can be confined to one idea. In fact, people should be enthusiastic and fully dedicated to what they are doing. They should truly believe in their success, despite the existing challenges and constraints. Jobs had to surpass serious adversities to become a recognized professional in his sphere. His extreme devotedness and desire to introduce creative ideas were on the top of his priorities. In addition, the rivalry between the giants of the computer words – Steve Jobs and Bills Gates – proves that the management strategies of Jobs were much more successful because they were directed at meeting the customer needs. In other words, Jobs understood how to make the product popular and affordable. His persuasive and remarkable presentations disclose his ability to make the audience believe in the usefulness and practicability of his ideas. Works Ci ted Gillam, Scott. Steve Jobs: Apple and iPod Wizard. US: ABDO, 2008, Print. Steve Jobs Presentation – The First iPod Introduction. YouTube. 2009. Web. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=haYw1FsXudEfeature=related Steve Jobs Stanford Commencement Speech 2005. YouTube. 2006. Web. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1R-jKKp3NA This essay on Why Do I Admire Steve Jobs? was written and submitted by user Ayanna Foster to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Pro-Life vs Pro_choice essays

Pro-Life vs Pro_choice essays For the last 31 years a battle has been raging among people of all ages and races, in every part of not only the country but the world, and perpetuates some of the most heated debates we have ever known. It causes strife among families and churches. It makes us think about our own morals and principles. It makes us say and do things that, normally, we would never think of doing. Things like yelling at people we have never met before, getting arrested in a strange city, spending hundreds of dollars a year to fly to new places to defend our opinions. That battle is between people who believe abortion is a positive thing and people who believe abortion is a negative thing. Pro-lifers and pro-choicers battle it out on the streets of our nation everyday and some of us arent even aware of it. Pro-lifers have three main beliefs. The first is that the fetus inside the mother is fully human from the point of conception. The second, abortion is fundamentally a civil rights issue, not a religious one, and third, that because the fetus inside the mother is fully human, abortion is morally wrong. These arguments have been used throughout the last 31 years an just about everyone has heard them once or twice in their lifetimes. Pro-choicers have counter-arguments that have been thought about just as hard and long. Abortion is a abortion thing because the earth is becoming overpopulated. Every child born should be a wanted child. The fetus is part of the mothers body and , therefore, she should be able to do with it what she wants. Youve heard all these as well, Im sure. These are the most common arguments on the pro-choice side. But before you can counter-attack most of these, on either side, you have to beg the question What constitutes humanity? Personally, I believe that a human life begins at conception. The child has its own DNA, its own fingerprints and it ...

Using Reflexive Verbs in Spanish

Using Reflexive Verbs in Spanish A verb is used reflexively when the subject of the verb is also its object. An example of a simple sentence using a reflexive verb is Pedro se lava (Pedro is washing himself). In that sentence Pedro is both the subject (the one doing the washing) and the object (the person begin washed). Note that the reflexive pronoun (in this case se) typically precedes the verb (although it can be attached to infinitives). Key Takeaways: Spanish Reflexive Verbs The subject and object of a reflexive verb is the same. For example: She is watching herself in the mirror.Not all Spanish reflexive verbs are translated as reflexive in English.Reflexive verbs can be used for emphasis or to avoid saying who is performing the verbs action. Here are the main ways such verbs are used: Verb's Subject Acting on Itself As in the example above, this is the most straightforward use of reflexive verbs, and it is certainly the most common way they are used in English. In plural form the pronoun can often be translated as themselves or each other, depending on the context. Some examples: Puedo verme en el espejo. (I can see myself in the mirror.) ¿Quà © te compraste? (What did you buy for yourself?)Se estaban admirando. (They were admiring themselves. Or, they were admiring each other.)Pablo se habla. (Pablo talks to himself.) Verbs Used Only in Reflexive Form Some verbs in Spanish are used only in the reflexive form, and they may or may not be translated to English using a reflexive construction. In dictionaries, such verbs traditionally are listed with a se at the end of the infinitive, as in abstenerse, which means to abstain. Me abstengo de votar. (I am abstaining from voting.)Teresa se arrepentià ³ de sus errors. (Teresa regretted her errors.)Me resigno a no tener dinero. (I am resigning myself to having no money.) Reflexive Verbs Translated as Nonreflexive Verbs Some Spanish verbs make perfect sense when understood in a reflexive way, but we typically dont translate them that way into English. For example, levantar means to lift, while its reflexive counterpart, levantarse, could be understood to mean to lift oneself, but is usually translated as to get up. Quiero baà ±arme. (I want to take a bath. Literally, I want to bathe myself.) ¡Sià ©ntate! (Sit down! Literally, seat yourself!)Voy a vestirme. (I am going to get dressed. Literally, I am going to dress myself.)Me afeito cada maà ±ana. (I shave every morning. Literally, I shave myself every morning.)Patricia se acercà ³ la casa. (Patricia approached the house. Literally, Patricia brought herself closer to the house.)Se llama Eva. (Her name is Eva. Literally, she calls herself Eva.) Verbs Changing Meaning in Reflexive Form Making a verb reflexive can change its meaning in ways that arent always predictable. Sometimes the difference in meaning is subtle. Following are some common examples; not all possible meanings of the verbs are included. abonar, to pay money; abonarse, to subscribe (as to a periodical)abrir, to open; abrirse, to open up (in the sense of confiding in someone)acordar, to agree, to decide; acordarse, to rememberacusar, to accuse; acusarse, to confesscallar, to be quiet; callarse, to become quietcerrar, to close; cerrarse, to close oneself off emotionallycombinar, to combine; combinarse (plural forms), to take turnsdormir, to sleep; dormirse, to fall asleepir, to go; irse, to go awayllevar, to carry; llevarse, to take awayponer, to put; ponerse, to put on, to wearsalir, to leave; salirse, to leave unexpectedly, to leak Reflexive Verbs for Emphasis Some verbs can be used reflexively to add emphasis. The distinction isnt always readily translated to English. For example, comà ­ la hamburguesa, means I ate the hamburger, but the reflexive form, me comà ­ la hamburguesa, could be translated the same way, or perhaps as I ate up the hamburger or I ate the whole hamburger. Similarly, pià ©nsalo might be translated as think about it, whereas pià ©nsatelo might be translated the same way or as think about it thoroughly. The 'Reflexive Passive' Often, particularly with inanimate objects, the reflexive form is used to indicate an occurrence without indicating the person or thing responsible for that occurrence. Such uses of the reflexive are typically the equivalent of passive verb forms in English, as in the following examples: Se cerraron las puertas. (The doors were closed.)Se habla espaà ±ol aquà ­. (Spanish is spoken here.)Se venden recuerdos. (Souvenirs are sold, or souvenirs for sale.) Reflexive Forms for Emotional Reactions Emotional reactions are often indicated by reflexive verb forms. For example, enojar means to anger. In the reflexive form, enojarse means to become angry or to be angry. Thus, se enoja contra su amigo could be used to say, he gets angry at his friend. Among the many verbs used in such a way are aburrirse, to be bored; alegrarse, to be happy; dolerse, to be hurt; emocionarse, to be excited; horrizarse, to be horrified; and sorprenderse, to be surprised.

Marginal analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marginal analysis - Essay Example If the marginal revenue is known, then the total revenue can be worked out for a specific change in sales. B. Marginal cost is the change in total cost that comes from producing one more item (â€Å"Investopedia,† 2011). The reason why organizations need to find marginal cost is to determine when economies of scale can be achieved. 1. Total cost is the cost of producing all the units of production. It is important to know and understand the total cost because it will determine whether or not it is worth it to produce one more unit. The key is to find the optimal point and then do not produce more than the marginal cost allows. C. Profit it the total revenue made in a certain period of time divided by the total expenses or costs or that same time period. It is important to have as much profit as possible because it determines the financial health of a business. 1. Profit maximization is achieved at the point where marginal revenue equals marginal cost. This is the optimal point of production because any change, whether an increase or decrease, would result in less profit for a firm, and thus not achieving profit maximization. D. Profit maximization is the output and price of a certain product that achieves the greatest amount of profit for a firm. The can be found be determining looking at a graph that contains marginal revenue and marginal cost as its axes. The point where these two lines intersect is where profit maximization can be attained. E. If marginal revenue happens to be greater than marginal cost, then a profit maximising firm must increase production until the marginal cost and marginal revenue is the same. This is because if more products are produced, then less marginal revenue can be gained, thus decreasing marginal revenue to a point where it is equal with marginal cost. F. On the other hand, if marginal revenue happens to be less than marginal cost, then a firm must decrease production until marginal revenue and marginal cost

Criminalizing Marijuana Usage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Criminalizing Marijuana Usage - Essay Example This paper will seek to influence the people in Congress and other pressure groups, such as non-government organizations, civil society organizations, etc. in trying to formulate the laws of the land that would prohibit the usage of Marijuana and deem the such as contrary to public interest. These people are the primary target of this paper as they are the ones in office, appointed by the power of the people’s suffrage, to govern the bureaucratic processes of the land, including the formulation and execution of the laws. This paper would show them a more or less holistic approach to the problem on drug usage and drug addiction, specifically Marijuana. In order to convince the targeted groups above-mentioned, this paper will utilize argue of how the positive effects of placing a ban on the use of Marijuana will outweigh the negative ones, all in the light of public interest and safety of the American people. Introduction: Cite real-life criminal cases that complicated and experienced lost of lives in the U.S. caused or affected by the use of illegal drugs and Narcotics. Introduction: Cite real-life criminal cases that complicated and experienced lost of lives in the U.S. caused or affected by the use of illegal drugs and Narcotics. I. Marijuana, due to its high content of narcotics and other addictive elements, causes addiction, which furthermore complicates into grievous medical conditions that are unalterable and life-threatening. a. Heart and blood vessel complications b. Stroke and other brain problems c. Threat to social security

Great Expectations Essay Example for Free

Great Expectations Essay Even though Pip has become snobbish by the end of Book One, Dickens still manages to make the reader like him. Show how and why Pip has become something of a snob and what makes us retain our sympathy for him Tom Beach In Great Expectations Dickens depicts Pip as having an increasingly snobbish character throughout Book One. He shows Pip to have an exaggerated respect for his social position and his growing hatred for the common life that he lives. The reader sees that Pips snobbishness is due to his desire to become a gentleman and his aspiration to be liked by Estella, from whom he adopts some of his snobbish attitudes. Even though it is clear to the reader that Pip has become somewhat of a snob, Dickens encourages the reader to still like Pip. He puts across that Pip is an orphan and that these snobbish feelings we see are just outward feelings. We learn that he was not proud of the snobbish character that he had become from the way he looks back on his life as an adult. These events make the reader feel sympathy for Pip, leading the reader to retain their criticism of him. In Book One of Great Expectations we see Dickens show Pips progressively snobbish character in many ways. After Pips first visit to Satis house and after falling for Estella we see Pips ambition to become a gentleman. We see that Pip blames Joe for being common, and for Joe not bringing him up as Pip thinks he should: I wish Joe had been rather more genteelly brought up, and then I should have been so too. We see Pips snobbish character developing as he blames Joe for being common; he is ashamed of the dear good fellow and disappointed in him for being so ignorant and common. Pip is patronising towards Joe for something Joe has no control over. Pip feels he is able to comment on Joes social status because he does not belong to [his] higher society and would be an embarrassment in front of Estella. This sudden change of attitude in Pip that wants to dismiss his family comes as a great shock to the reader. We see this to be a case of him being a snob. In Book One, one of the main points of Pips character that shows Pip to be something of a snob is his patronising attitude towards Mrs Joe. When Pip is going to see Miss Havisham with Joe and accompanied with Mrs Joe Pip feels embarrassed because they are trying to dress up to much: I am not quite clear whether these articles were carried penitentially or ostentatiously. Pip feels that his sister, Mrs Joe is very much overdressed, trying to look more ladylike that she really is. He is very patronising to her, as seen in the above quotation for simply being overdressed. Pip feels he is above her. Pip shows his growing snobbishness due to the fact that he is so willingly able to dismiss who he is and what he should become: I had believed in the forge as the glowing road to manhood and independence. Within a single year, all this was changed. Now, it was all coarse and common. We see Pip has lost faith in his normal life in the forge, dismissing the fact that that a life in the forge is what he is meant for. Pip will never like Joes trade and is sad when he is made apprentice to him: And what could I possibly do then, but say I was enjoying myself when I wasnt. Pip feels that the apprenticeship will tie him away from his ambition. He feels the forge is so coarse and common that it will prevent him from becoming a gentleman. Pip feels that he is too good for the community that he lives in; he wants to get away from it: It would be very disagreeable to be stared at by all the people here. We see Pip deciding not to go into town in his new suit. He again feels that he is above all the people in the village, that they would make such a business of it such a coarse and common business that [he] couldnt bear [himself]. This fact that he looks down on everybody in the village depicts him as a vain snob; he is not going to be a rustic man anymore. In the closing stages of Book One we see Pip being very snobbish and capricious towards Biddy, a girl who looks after the house and has fallen in love with Pip: Biddy I returned with some resentment, you are so exceedingly quick that its difficult to keep up with you.

Yahoo Case Study Essay -- Essays Papers

Case about Yahoo 1. Success as a Web Search Engine a. Why was Yahoo! such an early success on the Web? Yahoo was an early success due to a combination of factors such as timing, hard work, and a good understanding of Web surfer’s tastes and needs.. In early 1995, Net mania was just flowering. It was a great time to be a young entrepreneur with an Internet idea. Dave Faldo and Jerry Yang saw a consumer need for classifying and differentiating web sights. Resting the urge to automate this process, Yahoo’s founders instead chose to manually perform this search, reviewing and classifying roughly 1000 sights a day. This approach combined with their decision to offer a free service lead to early success. b. Why was Yahoo! more successful as a search engine than other, more technically superior search engines? Yahoo!’s search engine was designed to be both reliable and streamlined. The design was simple so it would pop up quickly. Its focus was on quality, not quantity. Yang’s comment that â€Å"if you have 13 Madonna sights, you probably don’t need a 14th† rings true. Surfers choosing Yahoo! not only were provided reliable information, but they were not bombarded with 1000 sights to review. Additionally, Yahoo! provided a product that was appealing and fun to use. c. Why is the fact that â€Å"Yahoo! spends money on people, not computers,’ one of the keys to their success? Yahoo!’s founders business plan was to manually categorize existing web sights and provide a succinct list of quality sights to choose from. This human-created directory was all that distinguished Yahoo! from its competitors as Net euphoria swept the stock market in early 1996. Other search engines were throwing any sight that met the search requirements at the user. Yahoo!’s concept saved the browser the time they would otherwise spend filtering out the garbage to find these quality sights. 2. Building a Web Sight and the Brand a. Do you agree with Jerry Yang’s two fundamental strategies for the success of Yahoo! as a Web site and business brand? Why or why not? Yang firmly believed that success could be achieved by: a) giving users abundant reasons to visit your service, and b) promote the hell out of the brand. Both strategies were key in Yahoo’s success. Yang’s vision of a one-stop-shopping site, giving users multiple reasons to use his servic... ...with regard to the global community. In places such as India, AOL cannot be accessed without making an international call. Yahoo! also caters to foreign nationals with a variety of Yahoo! home sites from China, France, India, and many more. Given the global nature of today’s economy, Yahoo! has done its part to reach out to new markets. c. What can Yahoo! do to improve their chances for business success? Explain your recommendation. Yahoo!’s chances for future success would be greatly aided by diversifying their business plan. Currently, Yahoo!’s chief source of revenue comes in the form of selling advertising. Two areas can be improved here. First, Yahoo! should look to attract more traditional companies and not rely solely on â€Å".com† firms. Secondly, Yahoo! would benefit from another, more stable source of income. One suggestion would be to alter their present format and offer a business suite that provides the simplicity and speed of Yahoo!’s traditional service as well as a professional appearance. Such products as business email, videoconferencing, and other telecommunication tools could be packaged and sold for a flat rate that would provide additional income.

Examples of Ethical Dilemmas Accounting

Examples of Ethical Dilemmas Accounting: Your supervisor enters your office and asks you for a check for $150. 00 for expenses he tells you he incurred entertaining a client last night. He submits receipts from a restaurant and lounge. At lunch your supervisor’s girlfriend stops by to pick him up for lunch and you overhear her telling the receptionist what a great time she had at dinner and dancing with your supervisor the night before. What do you do?Bank Teller: You have worked as a bank teller for several months when one of the other tellers who has become a good friend tells you that her daughter is extremely ill and that se must have an operation to survive. She also tells you that she has no insurance and the operation will cost $10,000. Sometime later you ask her about her daughter and she tells you she is just fine now. She then confides in you that she took $10,000. 00 from a dormant account at the bank to pay for the operation. She assures you that she has already st arted paying it back and will continue to do so until it is all returned.What do you do? Computers: In your spare time at work, you have developed a new spreadsheet program on the personal computer in your office. It is even more powerful, yet easier to sue than anything on the market. You share your new program with a friend who encourages you to market it on your own because you could probably make an incredible profit in a very short time. This is a very attractive option, yet you developed it using company equipment and during time that you were at work. What do you do?Journalism/Advertising Your newspaper has published a report on a national study, which concluded that bottled water has virtually no health advantages over the tap water in more cities, including yours. The study included comments from local health storeowners and water distributors challenging the study. The AquaPure Bottled Water Company, advertising account worth over $75,000. a year, has threatened to pull it s account with your newspaper unless you run another story of equal prominence, focusing on the benefits of bottled water. What do you do? Read also Ethical Dilemma â€Å"Glengarry Glen Ross†Ã‚   by David MametLaw Enforcement You are a rookie officer assigned to a training officer for the first six months of your employment. The training officer is a 20-year veteran and is a close friend pf thee Assistant Chief of Police and the brother-in-law of the Watch Commander. The third day that you are working with him you respond to a burglary call at a local convenience store. It is 2:30 am and the manager has been notified. You are directed to wait 30-35 minutes for his arrival. A short time later you observe your partner take a soda, candy and a bag of chips. He consumes the soda and chips.When the manager arrives, the two of you depart. What, if anything, should you do? Personnel Your company has a firm policy regarding cases of theft of company property. Used company equipment is on a table to be sold by bid each month. You see a valued employee who is 2 months from retirement slip an electric drill from the table a nd put it in his car before the day of the sale. What so you do? Real Estate A lady from out of town calls you to list her deceased parent’s home in Liberty. She is not sure what it is worth, but says she will be happy to get $50,000. 0 for the home. You look at the home and feel it is worth at least $75,000, and re4laise it would be perfect for your brother. What do you do? Retailing You are the buyer for a retail-clothing store. Your store has a policy of not accepting gifts. However, over the years, salesmen have offered, and other employees have accepted lunch, theater and baseball tickets. You arrive home from the office and find a new TV and DVD player on you doorstep with a note that says: â€Å"A personal gift for out long standing friendship.Enjoy it with you family in good health. The Jones Clothing Company† What do you do? Teacher You have a student who is from a single parent family. The student must work to attend college. However, the job is interfering w ith the student’s performance and several assignments have not been turned in. You have determined that a â€Å"D† is all the student can make when a counselor informs you that the student need a â€Å"C† to qualify for an academic scholarship. ’ What do you do?

Implementation of Porter Dimond Theory in Beximco

Report On â€Å"Implementation of Porter Diamond theory in Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd† Course Title: International Business Course Code:BUS-302 Semester: Fall’12 PREPARED FOR: Gouranga Chandra Debnath Senior LECTURER, Department of Business Administration FACULTY OF BUSINESS & ECONOMICS (DIU) PREPARED BY: Esteak Ahmed ID: 091-11-809 Contents Chapter 12 Introduction2 Background of the Report:2 1. 5 Overview of the Porter Diamond Theory:4 Chapter 26 2. 2 Firm Structure, Strategy, and Rivalry6 2. 3 Demand condition8 2. 4 Factors of Endowments: (both basic and advance)10 2. Related and supporting industry:12 2. 7 Overall analysis of the company position based on porter’s diamond:13 Log Frame:14 Chapter 316 Conclusion:16 3. 2 Recommendations16 3. 3 References:16 Chapter 1 In an attempt to master and perfect the trade system many research has been conducted and many theories has been proposed. International Trade Theory provides explanations for the pattern of interna tional trade and the distribution of the gains from trade. In an attempt to master and perfect the trade system many research has been conducted and many theories has been proposed.International Trade Theory provides explanations for the pattern of international trade and the distribution of the gains from trade. Introduction Background of the Report: For thousands of years humans are involved in trade and always tried to perfect this system. In an attempt to master and perfect the trade system many research has been conducted and many theories has been proposed. International trade theory provides explanations for the pattern of international trade and the distribution of the gains from trade.The theory convinces most economists of the benefits of liberal trade. But many non-economists oppose liberal trade. Opponents include some who may have encountered trade theory but nevertheless fall prey to fallacious reasoning. Porter diamond theory is an attempt of Professor Porter to expla in the apparent relationship of international trade and other components of a country. Apparently pharmaceutical sector is technologically the most developed manufacturing industries in Bangladesh and the third largest industry in terms of contribution to government’s revenue.Porter Diamond theory can be implemented to a company of this sector to understand the prospects, potentials, and problems of this sector. 1. 1 Purpose Of The Report: The purpose of the report is to implement the porter diamond theory in the Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd Company of Bangladesh and to understand the problems, prospects and potential of this company. 1. 3 Methodology: Secondary data are used to analyze the implementation of the Porter Diamond Theory. 1. 4 Objective of the study The objectives of this study are- * To find out whether all the element of Porter’s diamond are available in the company. To find out our company’s current condition in the market and also the opportuniti es and prospects. * Porter Diamond Theory is the result of an intensive research conducted by Michael Porter and his team on 100 industries of 10 nations. For Porter the essential task was to explain why a nation achieves international success in a particular industry. Pharmaceutical industry contributes the 1% of the total GDP of Bangladesh. Porter Diamond Theory is the result of an intensive research conducted by Michael Porter and his team on 100 industries of 10 nations.For Porter the essential task was to explain why a nation achieves international success in a particular industry. Pharmaceutical industry contributes the 1% of the total GDP of Bangladesh. To analyze the current situation of the rivals * To discuss the demand condition & customer base 1. 5 Overview of the Porter Diamond Theory: Porter Diamond Theory is a creation of Michael Porter of the Harvard Business School. In 1990 he published the result of an intensive research effort that attempted to determine why some nations succeed and other fail in international completions.Porter and his team looked at 100 industries of 10 nations. Like the work of new trade theorists, Porters work was driven by a belief that the existing theories of international theory told the half of the story. For Porter the essential task was to explain why a nation achieves international success in a particular industry. Porter argues that four broad attributes promote or impede the creation of competitive advantage. These attributes are: * Factor of Endowments * Demand Condition * Relating and Supportive Industries. * Firm strategy, structure, and rivalry.Porter maintains two additional variables that can influence international business: * Government * Chance 1. 6 Overview of the Pharmaceutical Industry in Bangladesh: Pharmaceutical sector is technologically the most developed manufacturing industries in Bangladesh and the third largest industry in terms of contribution to government’s revenue. The industry co ntributes about 1% of the total GDP. There are about 250 licensed pharmaceutical manufacturers in the country; however, currently a little over 100 companies are in operation.It is highly concentrated as top 20 companies produce 85% of the revenue. According to IMS, a US-based market research firm, the retail market size is estimated to be around BDT 84 billion as on 2011. Bangladesh pharmaceutical companied focus primarily on branded generic final formulations, mostly using imported APIs (Active Pharmaceuticals Ingredient). Branded generics are a category of drugs, including prescription products, that are either novel dosage forms of off-patent products produced by a manufacturer that is not the originator of the olecule, or a molecule copy of an off-patent product with a trade name. About 85% of the drugs sold in Bangladesh are generics and 15% are patented drugs – the structure differs significantly from the international market. Branded generic drugs represent about 25% years. The success of the pharmaceutical industry in Bangladesh can be defined by the Porter Diamond Theory. Bangladesh manufactures about 450 generic drugs for 5,300 registered brands which have 8,300 different forms of dosages and strengths.These include a wide range of products from anti-ulcerates, flour quinolones, anti-rheumatic non-steroid drugs, non-narcotic analgesics, antihistamines, and oral anti-diabetic drugs. Some larger firms have also started producing anti-cancer and anti-retroviral drugs. Domestic manufacturers account for 97% of the drug sales in the local market while the remaining 3% are imported. This is a complete turnaround over from two/three decades back when imports are a complete turnaround over from two/three decades back when imports used to dominate the market.The imported drugs include essential live saving drugs and other high quality drugs. The ratio will further increase in favor of the local production as some of the big players are poised to manuf acture these high quality drugs in-house in the future. 1. 7 Overview of the Company: Beximco Pharmaceutical Limited (BPL) is one of the largest pharmaceuticals company in Bangladesh. Beximco Pharma was founded in 1976 and started operations in 1980, manufacturing products under the licenses of Bayer AG of Germany and Upjohn Inc. of USA.It has now grown to become a leading pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh, and it supplies more than 10% of country's total medicinal needs. Today Beximco Pharma manufactures and markets its own branded generics for several diseases including AIDS, cancer, asthma, hypertension, and diabetes for both national and international markets. The company owns and operates modern  pharmaceutical factories mainly in Bangladesh and also has a separate division to operate a modern chemical factory which produces and sells basic chemical products. It also has divisions to produce and sell agro vet and pesticide products.Chapter 2 2. 1 Implementation Of the Theo ry As we said before we studied our company based on Porter’s diamond which include four  internal factors which are- 1. Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry 2. Demand conditions 3. Factor Conditions (both basic and advance) 4. Related and Supporting Industries And two external factors which influence the factors mentioned above are- 1. Chance 2. Government 2. 2 Firm Structure, Strategy, and Rivalry Our Position in Bangladesh: In Bangladesh there are currently a total of 245 companies out of which 200 have operations in the country.The market is totally dominated by the local companies and there are only 5 multi-nationals currently operating. The 245 companies’ together have5300 brands registered in Bangladesh. Among this companies BPL is one of the leader  with almost 8. 4% of the market share. Company (BDT m)| Market Size| Growth in 2011| Market Share| | | | 2010| 2011| SPL Pharmaceuticals | 15,725. 8 | 20. 5% | 18. 7% | 19. 2% | Incepta Pharmaceuticals | 7,851. 5 | 28. 6% | 9. 3% | 9. 0% | Beximco Pharmaceuticals | 7,415. 0 | 30. 5% | 8. 8% | 8. 4% | Opsonin Pharma | 4,275. 4 | 27. 2% | 5. 1% | 4. % | Renata | 4,076. 8 | 26. 1% | 4. 9% | 4. 8% | Eskayef Bangladesh | 3,980. 3 | 18. 9% | 4. 7% | 4. 9% | ACI | 3,578. 2 | 24. 9% | 4. 3% | 4. 2% | Acme Pharmaceutical | 3,500. 7 | 13. 7% | 4. 2% | 4. 5% | Aristopharma | 3,412. 8 | 26. 3% | 4. 1% | 4. 0% | Drug International | 3,070. 2 | 18. 9% | 3. 7% | 3. 8% | Top 10 Companies | 56,886. 5 | 23. 6% | 67. 7% | 67. 7% | Top 20 Companies | 71,382. 5 | 24. 1% | 84. 9% | 84. 6% | Others Companies | 12,661. 6 | 20. 7% | 15. 1% | 15. 4%| Total Sector| 84,044. 1| 23. 6%| | | Source: World Bank Table 1: Major Players In the Market . 2(a) Company structure: BPL gives highest importance to the principles of Corporate Governance and its implementation within the organization. In BPL we follow some rules like: 1. All new recruits at BPL undergo a mandatory training on Company’s Code of Conduct. 2. Fr om the very inception, BPL like the other Strategic Business Units (SBU) of  the Group maintains and upholds HR policies that are consistent with the Labor  Laws of the country. 3. BPL Pharmaceuticals Ltd leads the Group in encouraging workers’ freedom of association and their right for collective bargaining. . The Company follows laws and encourages a work environment that welcomes diversity and fair treatment in the recruiting process and the workplace. 5. BPL encourages diversity and equal employment opportunity in the recruiting  process and the workplace. 6. The Company pursues policies that proactively address all forms of  discriminations in terms of minority, gender and cultural issues. 2. 2(b) Company strategy: For years our company’s strategy is to capture the maximum share through customer  satisfaction by quality product. In words we put our strategies in this way: 1.In BPL we value, above all, for top quality health care products at the least cos t reaching the lowest rungs of the economic class of people in the country. 2. We are obliged to our shareholders and strive for protection of their capital as well as ensure highest return and growth of their assets. 3. We try hard for best compensation to all the employees who constitute the back-  bone of the management and operational strength of the Company 4. BPL endeavor for best co-operation of the creditors ; debtors the banks ;financial institutions, the suppliers of raw material, the providers of utilities-  power, gas ; water etc. nd the customers 5. BPL fulfills her responsibility to the Government through payment of entire range of due taxes, duties, and claim to various public agencies. 6. We strive, as responsibilities citizen, for a social order devoid of malpractices, anti-environmental behaviors, unethical and corruptive dealings. 2. 2. b (1) Long term corporate vision: In order to meet increasing demand in the domestic as well as foreign markets, BPL has unde rtaken an ambitious expansion program to be completed in two phases. †¢The first phase, which is already under way, is expected to be completed by 2012at a total cost of BDT 3. billion. We anticipate a 25% cost overrun for a final cost of BDT 4. 5 billion. The first phase is expected to nearly double the current capacity. †¢The second phase will start in 2014, completing in 2017 for a total cost of BDT2. 0 billion (including an estimated cost overrun of 25%). We expect the expansion programs contributing to revenue growth after 2012. We made an assumption that the new plants will operate with an 85% efficiency and after the year  of completion, 25% of the capacity will come on line in each of the following four years. Second phase will also do the same. 2. 2. b(2) Financial condition:BPL Pharmaceuticals Ltd (BPL) is one of the two Public Limited Companies of the Group that is listed at the two stock exchanges of Bangladesh. And company’s share is considered as â⠂¬ËœBlue Chip’ at both the stock exchanges. BPL Pharmaceuticals is the stand out market leader with a market share of 19. 3%and domestic revenues of BDT 11. 2 billion in the four quarters from April 2009 to March 2010. Because of its dominating presence throughout the country, BPL has enjoyed steady growth in sales volume. Cost of sales as percentage of sales has also been declining gradually over the year, improving gross margin. . 2(c) Domestic Rivals: As we said before BPL Pharmaceuticals stands at number three in terms of market share of 8. 4% and domestic revenues of BDT 8,860. 3 MM in the four quarters from April 2009 to March 2010. BPL’s nearest competitors are Incepta Pharmaceuticals and SPL Pharmaceuticals with market shares of 8. 5% and 19. 2% respectively. Incepta and SPL had BDT 4. 9 billion and BDT 11 billion in domestic sales for the last four  quarters. Although a number of MNCs are operational in Bangladesh, no MNC is among the top ten in terms of dom estic sales.Between two top rivals we consider BPL to be our arch rival though their market share is almost half compared to ours but here we have tried to find out there position in the market. Here’s market study of BPL: If we analyze the present market condition of BPL we can clearly see that it is in a good position. 2. 3 Demand condition In Bangladesh we have huge demand for its products. The demand of local market has helped us to build a strong customer base and gave us the strength to go for international market. The huge demand of our market leaded us to produce large volume of product.The medicines we are producing now are given bellow: 2. 3(a) Products Category: BPL offers a range of pharmaceutical products (400 types of medicine), which include 1. Tablets 2. Capsules 3. Suppositories 4. Injections 5. Liquids 6. Spray, Drops, Ointment, Cream and Powder 7. Oral Dry Powders. 8. Dry Powder Inhalers 9. Metered Dose Inhalers 2. 3(b) Types of Customer: By maintaining the quality we set our price conveniently for the mass population of  Bangladesh. We never compromise about our drugs quality thus we acquire the thrust of  our customer. 2. 3(c) Present Market status:Besides Bangladesh demand of international market driven us to supply our product in these markets †¢ Europe: UK; †¢ Asia: Afghanistan, Bhutan, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Iraq, Macau, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Tajikistan, The Philippines, Vietnam, Yemen; †¢ Africa: Comoros Islands, Eritrea, Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Libya, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Niger, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania; †¢ South America: Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala And these are the market under there exploration: †¢ Asia: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Laos, Maldives, Mongolia, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, UAE; Africa: Algeria, Botswana, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa; †¢ South America: Jam aica, Chili 2. 3(d) CSR activities: Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd. is one of the signatory of UN Global Compact in Bangladesh. Our CSR activities helped us to increase our demand. Some examples of our  activities are: †¢ BPL supports global business community to uphold social issues in businessoperations and being convinced of the benefits which will accrue out of voluntaryadherence to universally recognized social values in transaction of businesses. †¢BPL regularly interacts with the underprivileged segment of the societydirectly or through different NGOs. †¢ The Company assists the HIV positive/AIDS patients in gaining better access tomedicine through donation of AIDS medicine to local NGOs. †¢ BPL has donated two ambulances to Pabna Municipal Corporation ; IshwardiMunicipal Corporation for public use. 2. 4 Factors of Endowments: (both basic and advance) 2. 4(a) Basic factors: Basic factors like natural resources, climate geography demography everything is in our  favor in Bangladesh to produce and provide quality health care. . 4 (b) Advance factors condition: In the discussion bellow we tried to describe the advance factors condition of our  company at present. 2. 4. b. (1) R and D department: Beximco has a strong reverse engineering. It has made a collaborative research agreement with Ciba Specialty Chemicals of Switzerland in proprietary research. In formulation R;D, it focuses principally on developing new formulations, predominantly through reverse engineering. BPL also focuses on simplifying manufacturing processes and improving cost efficiency.Its growing innovation is evident from successful launching of a number of cutting-edge products (for example, Oseltamivir capsules for bird ; swine flu treatments, ARVs, anti-cancer products etc. ) advanced formulations like multi-layer tablets, sustained release formulations, dispersible tablets, chewable vitamins etc. With considerable experience in MDI formulations, BPL’s R;D team has successfully developed a range of CFC-free HFA MDIs. In addition, BPL is also developing a number of APIs to ensure availability of raw materials across the range of therapeutic classes.Beximco Pharma has also signed agreements for collaborative research with leading international API manufacturers to strengthen its API pipeline in order to fully capitalize the WTO patent opportunity. 2. 4. b(2) Human recourse: Strategic Human Resource Development Programs are the energy sources for BPLHR for running towards the peak of success. BPL employs more than 2,400 staff, including over 300 qualified professionals such as pharmacists, chemists, microbiologists, engineers, doctors etc. BPL is the third largest pharmaceutical manufacturing company in Bangladesh with net sales of BDT 4. 7 million, according to the 2009 annual report. We believe in company growth by increasing efficiency level of  employees and for that offering excellent environment and support for skill and knowled ge up gradation. Our HR department– ensures the strong supporting role to develop & implement HR policy guidelines for ensuring uninterrupted operation and spontaneous participation to achieve organizational objective as well as fulfillment of employee needs. – maintain an effective way to deal with labor union and still no unrest has been recorded as dispute. 2. 4. b(3) Raw materials:We are proud to say that we are capable of producing raw materials for our own medicines. Some info about our firm’s capability of production is given bellow :(a) API unit: Established in 1992 and commercial production started in 1995. It is presently the largest quality-bulk drugs manufacturer in the country producing international standard bulk pharmaceuticals to satisfy more than hundred pharmaceutical companies throughout the country. b) Factory plants: BPL Pharmaceuticals has invested in state of the art formulation plants aligned to regulated market standards.Four plants base d on the Dhaka site can produce  pharmaceutical products to the highest GMP specifications. These four plants are: †¢ General plant (approved by MHRA) †¢ Cephalosporin plant (quality systems aligned to MHRA requirements, plant being  prepared for EU regulatory agencies and FDA inspections) †¢ BFS plant (quality systems aligned to MHRA requirements, plant being prepared for EU regulatory agencies and FDA inspections) †¢ Biotech (insulin) plant under construction These plants have been designed by internationally recognized firms and equipped with the best machines that can currently be found on the European and US markets.BPL Pharmaceuticals has also created quality systems and SOPs according to FDA and EU regulatory agencies specifications 2. 4. b(4) Distribution system: It has one of the largest distribution channels in the pharmaceutical industry. The sales force of Beximco, led by a large number of â€Å"medical representatives†, is one of the most aggressive among all local manufacturers. This ensures that BPL’s products always have a considerably large outreach. 2. 4. b (5) Technology: Beximco Pharma has always been a pioneer in adopting innovative technologies that introduced both sophistication and scale in the business processes.The company’s focus on technology is intended to take the company to a standard which would match with other top global generic pharma companies. BPL is the pioneer company from Bangladesh in introducing technology driven (specialty) products in local and international markets. Such specialty products include: – Inhalation aerosols, including Ozone-benign HFA MDIs – Suppositories – Nasal sprays Beximco Pharma has shown its capability in the past by installing state-of-the-art MDI plant and IV fluid plant in collaboration with Pamasol, Switzerland and Pharmaplan, Germany, a sister concern of Fresenius AG, Germany. 2. Related and supporting industry: Related and su pporting industries like Hospitals and health centers Healthcare  professionals Insurance and public health bodies Retail pharmacies and stores diagnosticcenters etc are available to support our business firm. In 2006 the total number of hospitals in Bangladesh was 1683. Of these 1683 hospitals, 678 were government hospitals and 1005 were non-governmental 2. 6 The condition of two external factors: Chance and Government: BPL have enough chance and government support throughout our company life. The  prove of it is the rate of our market share and growth in our country.Though we have some restriction from government about the advertising of our medicine in the media but except that we have our governments’ full support where we need it. 2. 7 Overall analysis of the company position based on porter’s diamond: Why Beximco Pharma is doing well ? The answer lies in the Porter’s diamond as we can see from our report the entire element that make a successful indust ries are there in the market. It has strong supporting industries that help us to stay firmly in its feet. It has got all the factors endowment both basic and advanced.It got a study demand and customer base. And last but not the list its strategies structure is strong enough to face out rivals bluntly. Though we know BPL got strong competition in the market but the pace they are moving we know we are strong enough to any kind threat no matter from where it’s coming from. Factors of Endowments (both basic and advanced) Factors of Endowments (both basic and advanced) Related and Supporting Industries Related and Supporting Industries Demand conditions Demand conditions Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry Firm Strategy, Structure, and RivalryLog Frame: Intervention Logic| Objectively verifiable indicators| Source of Verification| Factors of Endowments-Basic Factors-Advanced Factors -communication Distribution System -Skill Labor Human Resource-Research -RnD-Technology| -Avail ability ofNatural resources, climate geography demography is in favor. It has one of the biggest distribution systems in Bangladesh. 2,400 staff, including over 300 qualified professionals such as pharmacists, chemists, microbiologists, engineers, doctors etc. Oseltamivir capsules for bird ; swine flu treatments, ARVs, anti-cancer products etc. advanced formulations like multi-layer tablets, sustained release formulations, dispersible tablets, chewable vitamins etc. – Inhalation aerosols, including Ozone benign HFA MDIs – Suppositories – Nasal sprays-Installing state-of-the-art MDI plant and IV fluid plant in collaboration with Pamasol, Switzerland and Pharmaplan, Germany, a sister concern of Fresenius AG, Germany. | World BankAnnual Report 2011Annual Report 2011Annual Report 2011Annual Report 2011| Firm Structure, Strategy, and Rivalry-Structure-Strategy-Rivalry| Corporate Governance -mandatory training on Company’s Code of Conduct. BPL like the other St rategic Business Units (SBU-collective bargaining. -diversity and fair treatment in the recruiting process -diversity and equal employment opportunity-Top quality health care products at the least cost reaching the lowest rungs -Highest return and growth of shareholders assets. -Best compensation to all the employees. -Best co-operation of the creditors ; debtors the banks ;financial institutions. -Supporting the Government through payment of entire range of due taxes, duties, and claim to various public agencies-Rivalry among existing firms is intense. Incepta Pharmaceuticals and SPL Pharmaceuticals with market shares of 8. 5% and 19. 2% respectively. | Annual Report 2011World Bank| Demand Condition| -Huge demand of local market -large volume of product -Range of pharmaceutical products and 400 types of medicine. -Maintaining the quality setting the price conveniently. Exports: Europe: UK;Asia, Africa, South America| World Bank| Related And Supportive Industries| In 2006 the total number of hospitals in Bangladesh was 1683. Of these 1683 hospitals, 678 were government hospitals and 1005 were non-governmental. Wikipedia| Chapter 3 Conclusion: BPL Pharmaceuticals Ltd, as part of a progressive business group, believes that the advancement of good health occurs not only through the innovation, production and distribution of its products, but also through the creation and preservation of a healthy environment. Transparency is a core value of BPL Pharmaceuticals Ltd and other  SBUs of the Group and is strictly followed at every step of the business process. BPL Pharmaceuticals Limited has extended her range of services towards the highway of global market.We believe the way we are leading towards our goal soon we will be known as one of the top leading pharmaceutical company on the world 3. 2 Recommendations After analyze the whole report we can recommend that – †¢ We have to give more emphasis on the technological support to compete in global market because after 2016 the TRIPS agreement will expire. †¢ Should pursue the government to established export cell to promote export of  pharmaceuticals to grab and capitalized the huge export opportunity in LDCs. †¢ R;D activities of the company have to be improved if it wants to compete with global players. Patent Law, which is valid up to 2016 for Least Developed Countries like Bangladesh. After 2016 the advantage enjoyed by Bangladesh will evaporate so to face that condition we have to prepare our selves. †¢ Though we have our own API plant still we have to import the API equipment’s  but we should try to produce our own API requirement. 3. 3 References: We used these references to prepare our study: †¢ International Business by Charles W. L. Hill †¢ www. BPLpharma. com. bd †¢ www. beximco – pharma . com .World bank

The Cuban Revolution essays

The Cuban Revolution essays The Cuban Revolution was in various ways different from the American Revolution and in other ways similar to it at because it had the same purpose and it also succeeded. Therefore, it can be rightfully said that the Cuban Revolution is an example, among others, of revolutions following the steps and ways (set of guidelines) of the American Revolution, which led it to be a victorious one. It could also be said that this revolution also offered a number of contrasts to the American Revolution, thus making it clear that the American Revolution was a very unique and special kind of revolution that can never be exactly repeated by any other nation. One main similarity between the Cuban and the American Revolution is that they both held the same purpose, which was to overthrow the current abusive government and establish a new one that would serve the people rightfully and advance social and economic justice in the nation. Abuses of Batista's regime began on the same day that he came into power, when he suspended the constitution, dissolved the congress and instituted a provisional government, promising elections the following year. After crushing an uprising by a young lawyer, Fidel Castro, on July 26, 1953, the regime seemed secure and when the political situation had been calmed, the Batista government announced that elections were to be held on the fall of 1954.* That year Grau San Martin, Batista's opponent, withdrew from the campaign just before the election because he claimed that his supporters had been terrorized. Thus, Batista was reelected without any opposition since he brutally suppressed political opposition an d let his people live in appalling poverty. He crushed worker, peasant, and student opposition. Between 1952 and 1959, 20,000 Cubans were assassinated by Batista's henchmen. * The bodies of those assassinated were often dumped in public places with their eyes gouged out to intimidate the rest of the population; ...

Words to Describe Degrees of Religiosity

Words to Describe Degrees of Religiosity Words to Describe Degrees of Religiosity Words to Describe Degrees of Religiosity By Maeve Maddox With the topic of religion so much in the air, writers may have use for adjectives to describe various degrees of religious feeling and behavior. The following words have other meanings, but here the focus is on their use to describe people. religious dedicated to religious practice; observant practitioner of a particular religion. The word derives from Latin, possibly the verb religare, to tie back. The word may carry negative connotations for individuals, (Bill Maher, for example), but in general it is a good all-purpose word, in itself neither positive nor negative. pious in earlier writers, pious was used in a positive sense of loyalty to religion, family, and those things for which a person might be expected to feel reverence. Current usage tends to tinge the word with hypocrisy. Ex. His pious remarks about family values concealed the fact that he was sleeping with his neighbors wife. godly pleasing to God. One speaks of a godly person or a godly life. The negative, ungodly, is often used as a term of contempt by religious people to describe anything contrary to their beliefs. fervent derives from a Latin word meaning to boil or to be very hot. A fervent person is one that feels very intensely about a subject. The subject does not need to be religious in nature. One can be a fervent Catholic, or a fervent environmentalist. Or both. zealous This adjective derives from the noun Zealot. The Zealots were members of the sect that worked to drive the Romans out of Palestine during the First Century. They were fanatics who resorted to assassination and other acts of terrorism that eventually resulted in the destruction of the Temple and the expulsion of the Jews from Jerusalem. Zealous, therefore, can carry the sense of intense fanaticism that will stop at nothing to promote its cause. devout from the verb devote, to set apart. The word connotes a sense of consecration. A devout person practices religion from genuine feeling of reverence for the object of worship. sanctimonious Until the 1800s, this word had a positive connotation. It derives from the Latin word for holy. A sanctimonious life could be one that reflects good deeds and devout religious observance. In current usage, however, sanctimonious carries the sense of hypocrisy. Indeed, a common expression is sanctimonious hypocrite. A sanctimonious person is like the Pharisee who prays and gives alms in public so that everyone can admire him for it. A sanctimonious person is always reminding people of their shortcomings. fanatic This word, which also gives us the word fan as in movie fan, comes from Latin fanaticus which had a religious sense. A fanum was a temple where sometimes very wild manifestations of devotion took place. For example, worshippers inspired to a frenzy by the god might cut themselves. A fanatic therefore, is out of control, at least as regards a particular subject. Winston Churchill defined a fanatic as someone who cant change his mind and wont change the subject. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Idioms About NumbersHang, Hung, Hangedâ€Å"Least,† â€Å"Less,† â€Å"More,† and â€Å"Most†

Humes Dialogues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Humes Dialogues - Essay Example I agree with Philo to the extent that he suggests that God has infinite attributes which cannot be compared with those of man, but I disagree with his assertion that we can infer nothing about the nature of the designer of nature. In my view, I think that experience plays a significant role in informing us that God has infinite attributes similar to the intelligence and mind of human beings. While is true that God has infinite attributes, there is no reason to suppose that such attributes are similar in nature to the mind and intelligence of human beings. Even though their dissimilarities in various designs of human creatures and animals, that does not mean that they are completely obscure. The dissimilarity between the designs of two human beings does not mean that those human beings are different; they are both human beings with human intelligence and the human mind. In the same way, the dissimilarity in terms of divine nature between the design of God and human beings does not mea n they are different; they both have a similar mind and intelligence. Therefore, I agree with Cleanthes that God exists and that he resembles human mind and intelligence. A theist would respond to the challenge of Philo by suggesting that God created human beings to be similar to him; so God resembles human beings. While I agree with theists in existence of a divine God who resembles a human being, I would object their story of creation which suggests that God created human beings to become similar to him.

Private Network Extranet Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Private Network Extranet - Thesis Example Consequently, sharing of information may minimize cost and time of meetings and conferences. Furthermore, the dynamic modification of data is possible, it means who ever connects to the extranet, will receive updated information. As the University interacts with the customers, Extranet will improve relationships with customers and is a plus for competitive advantage. However, extranet requires a significant cost for implementation and maintenance afterwards. In order to become a PCI DSS complaint, University must adhere to the required accepted level of security. In order to synchronize and manage customer data within the business processes of the internal staff, ‘customer relationship management’ system is required. In addition, for processing order online, an e-commerce system is required with strict compliance and security measures. As new innovative technologies are inventing in the Information Technology domain, possibilities of new hacking methods are also originating with new approaches. The threats consisting of virus, malicious codes, unauthorized remote access, unauthorized access to domains and classified data, intrudes in the network from a security loophole. The most common security prevention from these attacks is firewall. Firewall can be hardware based or software based. Firewall is the first point of contact for data packets that pass through or from the network. Moreover, there are service disruptions attacks including software bugs and buffer overflows on the information systems, which may downgrade their performance resulting in network congestion and complete system or network failure. The University is facing severe issues related to viruses. In order to prevent these issues, intrusion detection system (IDS) is essential. The more advanced form of attacks involves Denial of Service (DOS) atta cks.

Topics in film Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Topics in film Studies - Essay Example The film focuses on the adventures of the crew of one ship, the Enterprise, as it is seeks to save Earth from destruction by what appears to be an omni powerful entity from outside their galaxy. The crew ultimately prevails through their pragmatic use of scientific study and technology, and the god-like aggressor turns out to be a returning, alien-upgraded Voyager space probe. In contrast, the people of Star Wars are ruled by the heavy handed Galactic Empire. The empire dedicates its resources to applying oppressive control over its population, destroying entire planets as it sees fit to further its goals. Rather than focusing on the crew of a single ship, the protagonist characters of Star Wars begin largely unaware of each other, living entirely separate lives and different worlds, only to come together near the end of the film to defeat the forces of the empire. Further, its the use of the mysterious, almost religious powers of "The Force", rather than science, that delivers the characters from defeat. Behind these on screen differences, though, the 1977 Star Wars film had inescapable, pervasive influences, both positive and challenging, on the production of the Star Trek film that followed. One of the most significant examples was Star Wars’ influence in convincing the Paramount film studio that the Star Trek movie should be made at all. In 1977, while there had been initial efforts to bring Star Trek to the big screen, Paramount had decided to develop a new Star Trek television series, instead. The success of Star Wars, however, changed their minds. â€Å"Box office receipts for Star Wars were making science fiction believers out of the most skeptical critics; even Charles Bluhdor, chairman of Gulf & Western, Paramount’s parent company, reportedly inquired why there was so much foot-dragging on Star Trek† (Stein) Gene

Strategic Planning Essay

Strategic Planning Essay Introduction: Planning is the most important thing for all organization. A successful plan means a successful mission to goal of a business or organization. It doesnt matter the organization big or small. Plan will bring you to face the challenges and opportunities. This will enable to deliver more effectively to meet the needs of target people and strengthen the organization. Planning is the first step towards sustainable funding. Planning should be creative process, simple and straightforward that brings demonstrable benefits. The process of making systematic decisions about proposed future outcomes, the process includes evaluating an organization and the environment in which it operates, establishing long-term goals, and mapping a plan to achieve the goals that have been identified. Strategic planning assumes and incorporates the likelihood of a changing environment that will require adjustments in the identified goals and the process of achieving them. Strategic planning process: Environmental Scanning Developing the environmental scanning structure. The environmental scanning process. Searching for information resources Selecting information resources to scan. Identifying criteria by which to scan. Determining special actions to take on the scanning results Scanning for the institution. Evaluating the process. Key stages of strategic planning process: There are several key stages of strategic planning process: Develop Vision and Mission Business and operation analysis Develop and select strategic option Establish strategic objective Strategy execution plan. Establish resource allocation Execution summary â€Å"Strategy can be seen as an on going ‘positioning process for an organization and strategic planning can be seen as a separate activity reviewed at periodic well- defined intervals†. Strategy involves achieving a competitive advantage for an organization in meeting the needs of customers and fulfilling the expectations of stakeholders. â€Å"An organization with an ‘active strategy will have a ‘plan on which to base its decisions. This plan may be in the form of a written document, or it may be a way of approaching matters as they arise†. Example: In the case of Marks Spencer in the late 1990s, its surveys showed that customer satisfaction did fall over a period of months, but there were a combination of factors causing problems, including a general recession in High Street shops in 1998. Other possible problems for MS that were out limited TV advertising, its supply lines were relatively expensive, and it had difficulties with its product range and with the presentation of its clothes. Although the company recorded profits of over  £1 billion in 1997 and 1998, there was a 23 per cent drop in profits in November 1998. The CEO left the company in 1999 and there were further changes in senior management in the following two years. Major credit cards became accepted, product ranges were altered, product presentation was reviewed and a TV advertising campaign was undertaken under the slogan ‘Exclusively for everyone. (Tim Hannagan, Mastering @Strategic Management, 2002, Palgrave, New York, pg 60) Task 2: Involvement of stakeholders in the strategic planning process. Stakeholders are involved in the effects of strategic management because the actions and the development of the organization will result in change in their circumstances in one way or another. Stakeholders can be described as individuals and groups who are affected by the activities. It can be argued that the most important stakeholders are those who have the most to lose from the organizations actions. It is also important for an organization to be able to assess the power of these groups to influence events and the attitudes of the most powerful groups individuals. Stakeholders include a range of people involved with a company: The shareholders- who own the company and receive dividends. Financial bodies such a banks- who fund organizations in one way or another, and receive added value through interest or by other means. The employee- who receive some of the added value through their pay. The management- who receive added value through their pay and other benefits. The government- which receives part of the added value in the form of taxes. The customers- who consume the results of the value added to a commodity or service through the value chain. The mission and the objectives of an organization have to be developed taking into account the interests of the organizations stakeholders. Stakeholders Expectations Shareholders Financial return Creditors Interest, Creditworthiness, Prompt payment Suppliers Payment, long-term orders Employees Pay, stability, job satisfaction Managers Pay, benefits, power and control Customers Supply of goods and services, quality Government Taxes, employment, economic growth Strategic Management In terms of strategic management the major issue is to identify the relative power of the various stakeholders so that it is clear which of them is the most important to satisfy. On the one hand, it can be said that form any organization the customer comes first, second and third because comes without the customer the purpose of the organization will not exit, on the other hand, there may be other stakeholders who if not satisfied have the power to bring the organization to an end. For an example, Creditors have the power to close an organization if they are not paid, and employees can bring a company to its knees by withdrawing their labour. Every organization has to decide which are its most influential stakeholders and balance out their interests. Task 3: SWOT analysis of an organization: SWOT is an abbreviation for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. SWOT analysis is an important tool for auditing the overall strategic position of a business and its environment. Once key strategic issues have been indentified, they feed into business objectives, particularly marketing objectives. The key distinction: Internal and External Issues. Internal Issues: Strengths and Weaknesses are internal factors. For example, an strength could be specialist marketing expertise. A weakness could be the lack of a new product. External Factors: Opportunities and Threats are external factors. For example, an opportunity could be a developing distribution channel such as the internet, or changing consumer lifestyles that potentially increase demand for a companys product. A threat could be a new competitor in an important existing market or a technological change that makes existing products potentially obsolete. (S)trengths: Diversifying away from areas of major threat to more promising opportunities. Focusing on modifying weaknesses in spots of significant opportunities. Taking defensive measures in areas of threat where you are weak. (W)eaknesses: Make mind up which weaknesses need to be addressed as a priority. Other weaknesses have got to be accepted and respected until time and resources let find a solution. Some weaknesses can be developed into strengths or opportunities. For instance, it might be feasible to turn a shortage of production capacity into increased value for your product. (T)hreats: Build successful relationships with suppliers and customer. Cultivate good employee relations. Ensure clear and reasonable contracts with suppliers, customers and employees. Procure insurance against evident debacles. Make realistic contingency plans to deal with potential. Establish the right types of service contracts for key personnel. Invest in legal protection for intellectual property. Task 4: The differences between balance scorecard, scenario planning, cost benefit analysis and sensitivity analysis. Balance scorecard: The balanced scorecard is a strategic planning and management system that is used extensively in business and industry, government, and nonprofit organizations worldwide to align business activities to the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external communications, and monitor organization performance against strategic goals. Kaplan and Norton describe the innovation of the balanced scorecard as follows: The balanced scorecard retains traditional financial measures. But financial measures tell the story of past events, an adequate story for industrial age companies for which investments in long-term capabilities and customer relationships were not critical for success. These financial measures are inadequate, however, for guiding and evaluating the journey that information age companies must make to create future value through investment in customers, suppliers, employees, processes, technology, and innovation. Examples: Department Areas Finance Return on Investment Cash Flow Return on Capital Employed Financial Results (Quarterly/Yearly) Internal Business Processes Number of activities per function Duplicate activities across functions Process alignment (is the right process in the right department) Process bottlenecks Process automation Learning and Growth Is there the correct expertise for the job Employee turnover Job satisfaction Training opportunities Customer Delivery performance to customer Quality performance for customer Customer satisfaction rate Customer percentage of market Customer retention rat Scenario Planning: Scenario planning where choices can be screened by matching them to possible scenarios. This is a ‘what if? approach based on possible changes in the organizations environment. This leads to the formation of contingency plans in order to meet the requirements of each of these possible scenarios. For this approach to be useful, the strategic manager has to recognize the onset of the elements of a particular scenario so that the appropriate contingency plan can be introduced. Tim Hannagan, Mastering Strategic Management, 2002, Palgrave, New York, pg 60 Scenario planning or scenario thinking is a strategic planning tool used to make flexible long-term plans. It is a method for learning about the future by understanding the nature and impact of the most uncertain and important driving forces affecting our world. â€Å"Change has considerable psychological impact of the human mind. To the fearful, change is threatening because it means that things may get worse to the hopeful, change is encouraging because things may get better. To confident, change is inspiring because the challenge exists to make thing better â€Å"King Whitney, Jr.† Cost benefits analysis: A cost benefit analysis finds, quantifies, and adds all the positive factors. These are the benefits. Then it identifies, quantifies, and subtracts all the negatives, the costs. The difference between the two indicates whether the planned action is advisable. The real trick to doing a cost benefit analysis well is making sure you include all the costs and all the benefits and property quantify them. Example of a Cost Benefit As the Production Manager, proposing the purchase of a $ 1 million stamping machine to increase output. Before present the proposal to the Vice President, know the need some facts to support suggestion, decide to run the numbers and do a cost benefit analysis. Itemize the benefits. With the new machine, it can be produced 100 more units per hour. The three workers currently doing the stamping by hand can be replaced. The units will be higher quality because they will be more uniform and be convinced these outweigh the costs. There is a cost to purchase the machine and it will consume some electricity. Any other costs would be insignificant. Calculate the selling price of the 100 additional units per hour multiplied by the number of production hours per month. Add to that two percent for the units that arent rejected because of the quality of the machine output. Also add the monthly salaries of the three workers. Thats a pretty good total benefit. Then calculate the monthly cost of the machine, by dividing the purchase price by 12 months per year and divide that by the 10 years the machine should last. The manufacturers specs tell what the power consumption of the machine is and get power cost numbers from accounting then figure the cost of electricity to run the machine and add the purchase cost to get a total cost figure. Now subtract total cost figure from total benefit value and analysis shows a healthy profit. Sensitivity analysis: Sensitivity analysis is a method for testing the degree of sensitivity of a system or models variables by applying incremental changes. The system can be physical or notional and represent the whole project or major element the analysis determines which variables are the most significant having the most impact on results and so helps the selection of the optimal settings or best solution. A technique used to determine how different values of an independent variable will impact a particular dependent variable under a given set of assumptions. This technique is used within specific boundaries that will depend on one or more input variables, such as the effect that changes in interest rates will have on a bonds price. Sensitivity analysis is a way to predict the outcome of a decision if a situation turns out to be different compared to the key prediction(s). Example: An analyst might create a financial model that will value a companys equity (the dependent variable) given the amount of earnings per share (an independent variable) the company reports at the end of the year and the companys price-to-earnings multiple (another independent variable) at that time. The analyst can create a table of predicted price-to-earnings multiples and a corresponding value of the companys equity based on different values for each of the independent variables. Conclusion: Strategy can be seen as an on going positioning process for an organization and strategic planning can be seen as a separate activity reviewed at periodic well defined intervals. References: http://www.yourdictionary.com/business/strategic-planning horizon.unc.edu/projects/seminars/futuresresearch/stages.html http://ezinearticles.com/?7-Steps-Effective-Strategic-Planning-Processid=588763 Tim Hannagan, Mastering @Strategic Management, 2002, Palgrave, New York, pg 60 Tim Hannagan, Mastering @Strategic Management, 2002, Palgrave, New York, pg 50, 51 Kaplan and Norton http://www.businessballs.com/balanced_scorecard.htm Tim Hannagan, Mastering @Strategic Management, 2002, Palgrave, New York, pg 60) http://www.jiscinfonet.ac.uk/tools/scenario-planning King Whitney, Jr. http://management.about.com/cs/money/a/CostBenefit.htm http://www.maxwideman.com/issacons1/iac1112b/tsld002.htm http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sensitivityanalysis.asp